如何走現場
現場觀察,問為什么,表達尊重
By John Shook
約翰·舒克
3Show Respect表達尊重
Always look for signs of disrespect toward:
始終留心對以下幾點的不尊重跡象:
1. Workers — especially muri or overburden
1、作業者——尤其是那些過度勞累或負擔過重的作業者
2. Customers — poor delivery or poor quality – especially from controllable mura or fluctuation and variation
2、客戶——交付差或質量差——特別是那些由可控的浪費、波動或不均衡、以及變異造成的
3. The enterprise itself — found in problems and muda or waste, in all its forms
3、企業本身——發現各種形式的問題和浪費
But, the worker is the first and best place to look. Think of this flow:
Respect People→Rely on People→Develop People→Challenge People
然而,觀察作業者是尋找這些問題的首要和最佳場所。考慮以下的流程:尊重員工→依賴員工→培養員工→挑戰員工
We respect people because it’s the right thing to do and makes good business sense.
我們尊重員工是因為這是正確的做法,同時也是明智的商業思維
Think of building your operating system from the value-creating worker out. Observe the worker and steadily take away every bit of nonvalue-creating “work.” Continue doing that, engaging the worker in the process until nothing is left except value-creating work, until all the waste has been eliminated and nonvalue-creating work isolated and taken away, distributed to support operations.
想象一下從創造價值的作業員開始構建運營系統。觀察作業員,并穩步消除所有不創造價值的“作業”。持續這樣做,讓作業員參與這個過程,直到只剩下創造價值的工作,直到所有的浪費都被消除,不創造價值的工作被隔離并移除,將作業員分配到附屬的支持性作業中。
To achieve that level of “leanness,” you will find that you must engage the hearts and minds of the people doing the work. You will have to rely on them, just as you have to rely on them
to come to work and do their job so you can get paid by your customers.
為了達到這種“精益”的水平,你會發現必須激發作業人員的熱情和積極性。你必須依賴他們,正如你必須依賴他們來上班并完成工作,以便客戶能付款。
Once we’ve recognized that we have no choice but to rely on our employees, it is easy to see the next step, developing them. Because as the lean saying goes, “Before we make product,
we make people.”
一旦認識到我們別無選擇,只能依賴員工,下一步就很容易看清楚,那就是培養他們。因為正如精益的說法,“在我們制造產品之前,我們應先培養人才。”
Which leads directly to the most characteristically lean dimension of respect for people: challenge. Respect for people is often mistaken for establishing the enlightened modern democratic
workplace in which everyone is treated with great deference and politically correct politeness. Yet, respect demands that we challenge each other to be the best we can be. Setting challenging
expectations is one of the most critical skills of lean leadership.
這直接引出了尊重員工,這一最具精益特色的一個方面:挑戰。對人的尊重經常被誤解為建立開明的現代民主化工作場所,其中每個人都受到極大的尊重和政治上正確的禮貌對待。然而,精益中的尊重要求我們相互挑戰,讓我們變得盡可能優秀。設定具有挑戰性的期望是精益領導最關鍵的技能之一。
Most of all, respect means doing what we can to make things better for workers, which starts by not making things worse. And we still find leaders doing more of their share of damage even
as they try to help! That’s why the first rule of gemba walking is: “Do no harm!”
最重要的是,尊重意味著盡我們所能為作業員創造更好的條件,這始于不要讓事情變得更糟。我們仍然發現領導者在試圖幫助員工的同時,也在做更多的損害!這就是為什么現場巡視的第一條規則是:“不要造成傷害!”
A Note on Gemba-Based Leadership
現場領導力注意事項
Everywhere we go, we still find overwhelming evidence that the conventional view of a leader is as an answer man (or woman), that the leader always should have a ready answer, and that the
leader’s answer is always correct — remains strong. And indeed, the leader’s role in providing the vision, setting the direction, and showing the path to true north is foundational to lean success.
無論走到哪里,都會發現無可爭議的現象,傳統觀念認為領導者是解決問題的人(無論男女),領導者總是應該準備好答案,并且領導者的答案總是正確的——這種看法仍然很普遍。事實上,領導者在提供愿景、設定方向以及指明正確方向上的角色,才是精益成功的基礎。
Unfortunately, we also see overwhelming evidence of the damage done by the broadcast of executive answers that reverberate negatively throughout the organization.
不幸的是,我們也看到了大量證據表明,管理層給出的答案的傳播對組織內部的負面反響,與所產生的損害。
These guidelines are my own, based on doing gemba visits as an invited outside observer. Each of us needs to consider first, depending on where you work in your organization, where is your real
gemba? It’s easy for leaders to cause more trouble than they alleviate. CEOs who try to directly eliminate waste at the gemba often generate more waste than they prevent!
這些指導原則是基于我作為受邀的外部觀察者進行現場的經驗得出的。我們每個人都需要首先考慮,根據你在組織中的位置,你的真正現場在哪里?領導者很容易引發更多的問題而不是解決問題。試圖直接在現場消除浪費的CEO們往往會產生比他們防止的更多的浪費!
Here are two simple sets of questions for you:
這里有兩組簡單的問題想問你:
We already asked: “What did you look for the last time you went to the gemba?” “What do you look for (generally) when you go to the gemba?”
我們已經問過:“你上次去現場時觀察了什么?”“你去現場時通常觀察什么?”
Then ask, “What did you do?”
然后問:“你做了什么?”
After that, the next set of questions is:
之后,下一組問題是:
“What will you look for next time you go to the gemba?”
“你下次去現場時會觀察什么?”
“What will you look for (generally) when you go to the gemba?”
“你去現場時通常會觀察什么?”
“What will you do?”
“你會怎么做?”
In other words, ask: What will you do to help?
換句話說,問:你會做些什么來提供幫助?
Whenever leaders issue prescriptions from afar, bad things are likely to happen.
每當領導者遠程給出指示時,很可能會有不好的事情發生。
Whenever leaders issue prescriptions from afar, bad things are likely to happen. The best antidote we know? Confirm what is happening as it is happening. Diagnose and prescribe as close in
time and place as possible to the work, preferably in partnership with the person or people doing the work. That is one of lean management’s most vital principles and practices.
每當領導者遠程給出指示時,很可能會有不好的事情發生。我們所知道的最佳解決之道是什么?那就是確認正在發生的事情。盡可能在接近作業發生的時間和地點進行診斷并給出指示,最好與正在作業的員工合作。這是精益管理最重要的原則和實踐之一。
原文鏈接:
https://www.lean.org/the-lean-post/How to Go to the Gemba: Go See, Ask Why, Show Respect - Lean Enterprise Institute