在我們開始精益轉(zhuǎn)型時,
我們應(yīng)制定怎樣的目標(biāo)?(下)
讓我們來看一個真實的案例
在線模公司,我們采用了一套卓越運營的目標(biāo),這些目標(biāo)不僅專注于流程,而且是通用的。我相信它們適用于每一家制造型公司,而且只需稍加改動就可以適用于大多數(shù)服務(wù)型公司。此外,當(dāng)我們收購一家公司時——九年時間里線模公司進(jìn)行了21次收購——收購后的第一天,我們會向新的管理團(tuán)隊提供以下卓越運營目標(biāo)列表,讓他們重點關(guān)注:
100%的準(zhǔn)時客戶交付
每年減少50%的缺陷
每年提高20%的生產(chǎn)率
要達(dá)到20轉(zhuǎn)的庫存周轉(zhuǎn)率
所有地方都要有目視化管理和5S
當(dāng)然,當(dāng)我第一次宣布這些目標(biāo)時,每個人都會說:“你在開玩笑嗎?” 不,我沒有。這就是關(guān)鍵所在——我們需要每個人都參與進(jìn)來:銷售、財務(wù)、IT和運營。然后,我們通過積極的改善努力來實現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)。
我們知道,一旦我們實現(xiàn)了這些目標(biāo),我們將成為一家與眾不同的公司。我們的精益轉(zhuǎn)型直接得益于對卓越運營目標(biāo)的追求。讓每個價值流的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者都專注于這些目標(biāo),使我們從職能型組織轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閮r值流型組織。
通過專注于與流程相關(guān)的目標(biāo),我們確信隨著時間的推移,會出現(xiàn)流程與目標(biāo)相一致的結(jié)果。
追求這些目標(biāo)給公司帶來了很大的壓力,但與此同時,我們也努力做到注重實際情況(實事求是)。例如,我們知道不可能在一夜之間實現(xiàn)從3轉(zhuǎn)到20轉(zhuǎn)的庫存周轉(zhuǎn)。但我們知道你可以第一年從3轉(zhuǎn)增加到6轉(zhuǎn),第二年從6轉(zhuǎn)增加到8轉(zhuǎn),第三年從8轉(zhuǎn)增加到10轉(zhuǎn),以此類推。所以,在我們出售該公司之前的9年時間里,我們實現(xiàn)了18轉(zhuǎn)的庫存周轉(zhuǎn)率。
通過關(guān)注與流程相關(guān)的措施,我們確信會出現(xiàn)與目標(biāo)一致的結(jié)果。例如,我們相信,如果我們實現(xiàn)了100%對客戶的準(zhǔn)時交付和較短的交付期,我們堅信這種一流的客戶服務(wù)會帶來銷售額的增長。因此,不需要設(shè)定每年4%的銷售增長目標(biāo)。相反,隨著我們客戶服務(wù)目標(biāo)的實現(xiàn),銷售額以每年近10%的速度增長。事實上,我們的規(guī)模在最初四年里翻了一番,在接下來的四年里又翻了一番。到出售該公司時,有望再翻一番。
同樣地,盡管員工安全是最優(yōu)先考慮的,但我們沒有設(shè)定安全目標(biāo)。因為我們知道,達(dá)到庫存周轉(zhuǎn)率、生產(chǎn)率、5s和目視化管理的目標(biāo)將顯著改善安全目標(biāo)。事實確實如此,我們獲得了員工的幸福和更低的保險費用。
在受益于這些卓越運營目標(biāo)的9年多時間里,線模公司獲得了以下成果:
將我們的交貨時間從4-6周縮短到1-2天
銷售額翻了兩番多
EBITDA從6%提高到21%
毛利率上升13個點
企業(yè)價值增加了近2500%
所以我想你可以說它起作用了。盡管如此,還是會有人持懷疑態(tài)度。也許你認(rèn)為五個卓越運營目標(biāo)太多了,好吧,那就關(guān)注兩點:100%的準(zhǔn)時交付率和20轉(zhuǎn)的庫存周轉(zhuǎn)次數(shù)。如果你能同時提高這兩者,你就會走上正軌,因為其他的一切都會自然解決。
最重要的是專注于你的流程,而不是你的結(jié)果,并制定將改變公司和公司文化的挑戰(zhàn)性的運營卓越目標(biāo)。實現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)也很有趣,祝你好運并享受實現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的過程。
文章原文
What Targets Should We Set When Launching a Lean Turnaround?
A Real-World Example
At Wiremold, we adopted a set of operational excellence targets, which are not only process-focused but generic. I believe that they work for every manufacturing company and, with only slight changes, most service companies. Also, when we acquired a company — we made
21 acquisitions at Wiremold over nine years — on the first day, we would give the new management teams the following list of operational excellence targets to focus on:
100% on-time customer service
50% reduction in defects annually
20% productivity gain annually
20x inventory turns
Visual control and 5S everywhere
Of course, when I first announced these targets, everyone would say, “Are you kidding me?” Nope, I wasn’t. But that was the whole point — we needed everyone on board: sales,
finance, IT, operations. And then, we drove these targets forward with an aggressive kaizen effort.
We knew we would be a very different company once we achieved these goals. And our lean transformation was directly aided by pursuing them. Having every value stream leader
focus on these goals changed us from a functional to a value-stream organization.
By focusing on process-related targets, we knew that the results would take care of themselves.
Pursuing these goals put a lot of pressure on the organization, but at the same time, we tried to be realistic. We knew, for example, that you can’t go from 3x to 20x inventory turns
overnight. But we knew you could go from 3x to 6x the first year, from 6x to 8x the next year, from 8x to 10x the next, and so on. So, over nine years, we got to 18x inventory turns just
before we sold the company.
By focusing on process-related measures, we knew that results would take care of themselves. If, for example, we got to 100% on-time customer service and short lead times, we
were confident that sales would grow due to our best-in-class customer service. As a result, we didn’t need to set a sales growth target of 4% per year. Instead, as we approached our
service target, sales grew closer to 10% per year. In fact, we doubled in size in the first four years, doubled in size again in the next four years, and were on track for another doubling
when we sold the company.
Similarly, although the safety of our associates was a top priority, we didn’t include a safety goal. We knew that hitting the inventory turn, productivity, 5s and visual control goals
would drastically improve our safety results. It did, and we reaped the rewards with happy associates and much lower insurance premiums.
Over nine-plus years of using these operational excellence targets, Wiremold achieved the following results:
cut our lead times from 4-6 weeks to 1-2 days
more than quadrupled sales
increased EBITDA from 6% to 21%
gained 13 points of gross margin
increased enterprise value by just under 2,500%
So I guess you could say it worked. Still, there will be skeptics. Maybe you think five operational excellence targets are too many. OK, then focus on two: 100% on-time customer service and 20x inventory turns. If you can get both of these going up simultaneously, you will be on track, as everything else will take care of itself.
The most important things are to focus on your processes, not your results, and create stretch operational excellence targets that will change your company and its culture. Getting
there is also fun. Good luck and enjoy.